5,6 Collies have been identified as a breed in which certain individuals are at increased risk of central nervous system signs and even death due to increased concentrations of ivermectin in the central nervous system. Despite this gradual microfilarial destruction, generally mild, adverse reactions (transient diarrhea) can occur if administered to microfilaremic dogs. 1 As stated above, ivermectin is microfilaricidal at preventative doses (6-12 µg/kg/month), resulting in a gradual decline in microfilarial numbers. This is extended with continuous 12-month administration post-exposure to 3 months with 98% efficacy and to 4 months with 95% efficacy. Macrolides offer a wide window of efficacy and provide some protection when treatment lapses (of up to two months) occur. It is marketed in a form with pyrantel pamoate to improve efficacy against intestinal parasites (Table 1). is effective against a range of endo- and ectoparasites and is marketed as a once monthly heartworm preventative. Ivermectin, a chemical derivative of avermectin B 1 which is obtained from Streptomyces sp. These agents are superior to diethylcarbamazine (DEC) in: convenience producing less severe reactions when inadvertently given to microfilaremic dogs allowing a grace period for inadvertent lapses in administration efficacy with treatment lapses of up to 2-3 months when used continuously for the next 12 months 1 and lastly, having a dual role as microfilaricides. ![]() Such agents, because they interrupt larval development during the first 2 months after infection, have a large window of efficacy and are administered monthly or less frequently. The introduction of the macrolide agents ivermectin (Heartgard R), milbemycin oxime (Interceptor R), moxidectin (ProHeart R and ProHeart R 6) and selamectin (Revolution TM) has provided the veterinary profession with effective heartworm (HW) preventatives in a variety of formulations. Books & VINcyclopedia of Diseases (Formerly Associate).VINcyclopedia of Diseases (Formerly Associate).
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